#Victory Cigarettes Bulgaria series#

The novel specification proposed in this study is the determination of the possible effects of asymmetries in the economic shocks on cigarette consumption.

#Victory Cigarettes Bulgaria series#

In this article, the price and income elasticities of demand for cigarette consumption are measured for the Spanish cigarette market using time series data from 1957 to 2016 and by applying a non-linear autoregressive dynamics lag model. This is an observational epidemiological study. Therefore, this article aims to detect if income elasticity takes different values in economic growth and recession and, in addition, to check whether price elasticity in Spain is consistent with previous studies. Spain, as in the other countries of the European Union, has suffered a strong recession since 2008. However, few empirical studies exist that analyze how economic growth affects the cigarette market, and no one has studied the effects of economic expansions and recessions. The price and income elasticities of demand for cigarette consumption are the main focus of studies in this body of literature. Among youth, tobacco use prevalence among girls is only slightly lower than among boys, suggesting that the gender gap in smoking observed among Romanian adults is likely to disappear A significant number of Romanian youth are still taking up tobacco use, with 12.2% of boys and 10.1% of girls ages 13 through 15 consuming some tobacco products.Įxtensive empirical and theoretical studies have been devoted to analyzing the relationship between tobacco and income.

There is a strong socioeconomic gradient in smoking, with more financially secure Romanians less likely to smoke.Īs in many countries, most tobacco use in Romania begins during adolescence. While the overall rates of smoking have declined in recent years, still more than 1 in 4 adults smoke daily, and nearly all smokers consuming manufactured cigarettes.

However, the gender gap has diminished over time, with smoking prevalence doubling among women in the postcommunist years, and decreasing slightly in the recent years. Men are more than twice as likely to smoke as women, with smoking prevalence among men at 37.4% as compared to 16.7% among women. Currently, in our portfolio we are distributing the well known brands Eva Slims and Prestige, and we are planning to increase our portfolio of products very soon, in order to satisfy Macedonian consumer’s taste.Tobacco use is high in Romania, with nearly 5 million adults (27%) smoking tobacco products. Starting from 1st of October Tobacco Holding Group Macedonia became exclusive importer and distributor of Bulgartabac cigarettes for the Macedonian market. Amongst the company’s brands are Victory, Eva, Prestige, Femina, Global, MM, Exclusive, Nevada etc. Additionally, Bulgartabac produces over 50 cigarette brands and sub-brands in its modernized factories using high quality domestic and imported tobacco. Today, Bulgartabac owns four manufacturing facilities, for cigarettes production - two facilities in Bulgaria and one in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and one facility for tobacco processing in Bulgaria. Established in 1947, it includes 11 joint-stock subsidiary companies in the tobacco growing regions of the country. Bulgartabac Holding is leader on the Bulgarian market and continues to extend its international presence by offering wide range of products.